SargonAelther: I logged a ticket with GOG and sent an email to Teyon. We'll see if this goes anywhere. Having googled this a bit, I learned that achievements can be quite glitchy on the PS4 version too. At the very least PlayStation can track the progress counter though. On GOG, there's no way to see how many were actually counted, or if it stopped at 1. GOG should really implement an achievement progress tracker.
I could not get any response from Teyon and, seeing how Terminator is never on sale here, despite having multiple sales on Steam, I suspect that it is more or less abandoned. Hopefully Robocop will fare better, if it comes here.
I did supply a screenshot showing my collectibles to GOG support though, and they have, thankfully, unlocked the broken achievements for me. I guess that's as far as this will go.
VanishedOne: Doom 3 (original) has an achievement percentage on the website. However, there's no other reason to think it's been built with support for Galaxy achievements - according to
https://doomwiki.org/wiki/Achievement no version of the original Doom 3 has achievements - so my guess is that some settings were copied from D3BFG and this one was overlooked. Therefore, it will be stuck at 0% for ever.
The Outer Worlds Spacer's Choice Edition has the same issue. Store and profile page shows achievements, but Galaxy itself says N/A. it does have achievements on Steam though, so hopefully Obsidian will fix this.
[EDIT01] Fixed now.