Here, approximately 45% of the lottery prize is gone right off the bat with federal, state and in some cases local taxes. Take the prize as an annuity and you pay that tax annually. Give friends or relatives a gift, you pay a gift tax. Put it in the bank, the interest gets taxed. Use it to invest and make money, capital gains tax. Use it to buy a nice house, property tax. Buy a car, sales tax.
So let's say you win $100 million. $45 million is gone in taxes immediately, leaving $55 million.
You buy a new house for $2 million; property tax varies by region, but let's keep things simple and say it's 5%: $100000 in tax annually. Assuming property values don't change dramatically and you plan to live there for at least ten years, you are now down to $52 million in cash.
Then your relatives find out you won some money and start calling. This is where things get complicated. In the US, you are allowed to gift up to about $5.4 million in your lifetime without paying a gift tax, however, that $5.4 million also includes any inheritance you might leave to your heirs. A gift can be almost anything, not just cash, and is taxed based on its fair market value. So you are feeling generous and sell your old $400000 house to your brother-in-law for $1. For tax purposes you just gave him a $400000 gift. Then you buy your mother a nice retirement home for $1 million, give your brother a million to start his business, set up a $1.5 million trust fund for each of your two kids... you've already given out $5.4 million in gifts.
You're down to $47 million in cash and every dime you have left to give to anyone, even your inheritance, will now be taxed at 40%. You effectively only have $28.2 million left. Almost 72% of your winnings are already gone and you've only actually spent $8 million of it. You haven't even bought a car yet.
Granted, this a greatly oversimplified scenario and I didn't even get into all the options for investing the money (way too complicated), but I hope you can see just how easy it is to go broke on lottery winnings, especially with the taxes the way they are. The thing is, the easiest and safest way to protect that money from the tax man is not a very risky off-shore tax shelter, it's smart investing. Tax shelters mainly just keep the man from taking his dime and are only useful when you get into multi hundreds of millions or billions of dollars; investments make more money from your money. Done right, investments pay for the taxes themselves and keep making more money.
Flaose: Ah yes, no doubt that since only his friends' names are mentioned Putin is squeaky clean.
Regardless, I feel like the people's anger is completely misdirected. Why is everyone so mad about rich people using perfectly legal methods to pay less tax? Even the most law-abiding citizen, who would be willing to completely declare any cash-based "under-the-table" income that they have earned, will take advantage of every tax-saving opportunity that they can. Why is it wrong for richer people to do the same? At what point does finding ways to save on your taxes go from "smart" to "morally reprehensible"?
People should be mad at their governments for allowing tax shelters to be legal, not at the people who take advantage of them.
It's not simply that they were avoiding taxes, it's that they were using a legal loophole to avoid taxes by potentially funding illegal activities. Some of the companies listed in these documents have been directly linked to drug trafficking and terrorism, just to begin with. Then there are the instances like Iceland where their PM was not only avoiding taxes, he was also defrauding their banks when his shelter took a bailout.
EDIT - Not to mention, the people taking advantage of these loopholes are the governments that allow the shelter loophole in the first place. Presidents, prime ministers, cabinet members... the very people entrusted with enacting and enforcing laws to prevent this kind of abuse are the abusers.
cogadh: First casualty of the scandal, Iceland's Prime Minister steps down:
http://www.reuters.com/article/us-panama-tax-iceland-pm-idUSKCN0X2234 Atlantico: We won't miss him :)
I would not expect you to :)